Evaluation of Teaching and Learning Approaches Essay

Diverse educating and learning approaches were utilized during the meeting as per the prerequisite of the exercises. * For wellbeing and security acceptance: Q&A, composing (Task sheet) and talk strategies (more data was given) were utilized. * Effectiveness of the educating and learning draws near: Learners take an interest in this movement completely and viably. They mentioned to me what they definitely know and what they don’t know yet. By this movement they got more data about fire exits, gathering, woman toilets, espresso and the understudy bolster focus in the All Saints working of Worcester College where this meeting was held. No dangers were found in the study hall. * Steps for additional improvement: I accept that instructing calling consistently has possibility of progress and advancement. In 30mins microteaching meeting, wellbeing and security concerns can be restricted to dangers in class and fire exits. * For Ice breaking action: Q&A (Discussion) and gifts (Writing) techniques were utilized. * Effectiveness of the strategies or approaches: Learners were peaceful and glad to share the data about the morning meal they had in that morning. Students additionally chose who had most advantageous breakfast with respect to most noteworthy calories and nourishment. * Steps that can be taken for additional improvement: The inquiry for ice breaking action can bode well that it tends to be all the more unmistakably identified with the subject of the meeting. * The educating and learning approaches for presentation, clarification and count of the territory: PowerPoint, White board, gifts and Q&A (Discussion) strategies were utilized. * Effectiveness of the methodologies: For presentation of the subject, PowerPoint was utilized which was extremely compelling in light of the fact that learners’ reaction was exceptionally positive about it. Students thought that it was fascinating, useful to comprehend the subject and they got familiar wi th its suggestions in normal life. * Steps for additional improvement: One more video could play to clarify more the point in better manner. Visual learning helps left their belongings for long time. More PowerPoint clasps can be utilized to make meeting all the more intriguing and progressively educational. * The instructing and learning approaches for learn by training: Learners were given work sheet to do the act of what they realized and to discover the zone where they have issues and what they have need to find out additional? * Adequacy of the methodology: Learners paid attention to this movement. They attempted best to responds to all the inquiries. One student posed the inquiries where she discovered hard to compute the territory. At the consequence of this action, the learners’ certainty expanded and they discovered their selves better in estimations of territory. * Steps for additional improvement: Some more inquiries can be included work sheet for more practice to compute the zone of square, square shape and triangle. Additional learning helps like boxes of square, square shape and triangle shape can be utilized. * The instructing and learning approaches for survey of the meeting: Q&A and undertaking sheet (audit gift structures) used to survey the meeting. * Effectiveness of the methodologies: To survey the meeting by Q&A and by utilizing task sheet was extremely positive to bring up the regions of educating and realizing which can be improved, particularly learning material can be impr oved. In 30mins meeting the educating and learning procedure can be made progressively successful by making the learning material restricted to â€Å"Calculation of the zone of square and rectangle†. * Evaluation of the meeting in respect of individual learners’ need. In my meeting no student had singular needs. So there was no compelling reason to make any exceptional plans to hold the meeting. Word tally: 605

Miss Havisham as a Mysterious and Complex Presence Essay Example

Miss Havisham as a Mysterious and Complex Presence Paper The epic Is composed reflectively utilizing first individual portrayal. This gives the peruser the feeling that they are a piece of a private and confession booth narrating. Pip initially meets Miss Having when he is brought to play with her received little girl Estella. Details house is set in an extremely high society zone yet is exceptionally run down, the windows and entryways are banned and bolted, to keep individuals in just as out. Its gothic design adds to the dim and agonizing Image of the house and its inhabitant. The perusers first Introduction to Miss Having happens when Pip goes into her room which is miserable and eleventh just by candlelight. She Is wearing rich materials. Silks, glossy silks and expert, all in white which has now yellowed and ratty with age fundamentally the same as her embittered mentality towards men. She kept on wearing her shroud, an agnostic portrayal of virginity and dried and rotted blossoms in her hair. Interestingly she wears sparkling gems around her hands and neck. He sees that the dress that she Is wearing had been put on the figure of a young lady and the body on which It presently hangs had contracted to skin and bone. The bleak and rotting subject proceeds all through PIPs experiences with MISS Having. We will compose a custom article test on Miss Havisham as a Mysterious and Complex Presence explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Miss Havisham as a Mysterious and Complex Presence explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Miss Havisham as a Mysterious and Complex Presence explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Dickens utilizes words Like blurred, no splendor, similar to dark parasite and the sunshine was totally prohibited to relate the environment of both the house and its occupant. As he strolls towards her he sees that all the tickers have halted at twenty minutes to nine and she says: Look at me, you are not terrified of a lady who has not seen the sun since you were conceived? again underscoring the dull quality encompassing her. Dickens utilizes a lot of metaphorical language In the novel identifying with death and rot, particularly in his depiction of MISS Having. She transparently talks about having her heart broken. Pip sees that it seems as though she has quit living and that her life as she knew it had need once her commitment was broken. Maybe she is for all time stuck before and can't or won't push ahead. She actually didn't come around starting here. We learn later that her fianceâ © Composers relinquished her on her wedding morning at this specific time. Pip depicts Miss Hafniums appearance when he initially meets her as the most unusual woman I have ever observed. He Is restless, frightened and befuddled and his innocent utilization of clear symbolism invokes a dream of a grim and feeble elderly person. He compares her to a horrendous waxwork he saw at a reasonable and furthermore to skeleton he once found in a congregation. Pips portrayal of her speaks to two phases where as a result life has halted. Here Dickens seems to recommend that in spite of the fact that Miss Having has prevailing with regards to halting her own progression when she got the letter, specifically ten malting AT ten timekeepers, ten consistent wearing AT geek waling garments and the wedding cake rotting on the table, she can't stop the progression of time, and forestall her body breaking down. Pip notes So she sat body like. Another reference to death, physical, however that of adoration biting the dust. Miss Having was purchased up by her dad with no maternal impact. This may disclose her trouble to present love on Pip and Estella and the cruel manner by which she treats them. She had been seriously treated by men for a mind-blowing duration, her dad who ruined her and denied her nothing, guaranteeing that sh e doesn't have the typical limits of adolescence, and her fianceâ © and stepbrother, the previous who pursued lastly Jilted her and who alongside the last cheated her out of a fortune. She is over the top in her endeavor to seek retribution on Composers and in all men all in all. During the Victorian time there was an incredible separation among rich and poor and social class was significant. Pip originated from the common laborers and as such was not exceptionally instructed. He feels humiliated about his economic wellbeing and when Estelle ridicules him for being a typical labouringly kid with course hands, Miss Having does nothing to chasten her, in reality she appears to delight in his defeat. Miss Having insults Pip with Estella excellence and finds an unreasonable joy in urging Estella to break his (and different mens) hearts. This is Just the start of her brutalities to Estella and Pip. All through the novel she messes with their lives. She imagines that it was her who was Pips benefactress, and she is controlling from the very beginning, for example when Pip comes to play at Stats House; she mumbles witch-like chants at him: Play, play, play And love her, affection her, adoration her Pip falls frantically infatuated with Estella, something that Miss Having in her twisted mood, appreciates. She savors the way that Pip has succumbed to Estella and is getting a charge out of observing somebody love someone else so unequivocally just to have their heart broken as she had numerous prior years. Dickens makes an intriguing examination between Miss Having and the convict Magnetic, who it turns out is Estella father, in that they were both cheated by Composers. Be that as it ma y, there is a distinct difference in their picked techniques for vengeance. She decides to get manipulative and detestable towards Pip and Estella. While Magnetic recollects Pips generosity and decides to be kind towards Pip so as to ease him towards the situation of a respectable man. Dickens utilizes cunning reference to shading all through his portrayal of Miss Having. The white of her garments, which speaks to virtue alongside the yellow of rot. At the point when Miss Having is consuming from setting her garments ablaze, the red of the flares could be viewed as a portrayal of affection. It is fascinating that prior in the content she is alluded to as the witch of the spot and that the fire could be compared to a witch being scorched at the stake. The peruser can perceive the correlation between her being ablaze and the feeling of adoration which can be said to be a deep longing. This is the last reference to her being a witch-like figure in the story, and in manners can be believed to be her being purged by fire, a scriptural reference. On Pips last visit to Cats, he is not, at this point a little youngster, he is a grown-up and has an alternate point of view of the world. He is more established and more astute and the jobs of he and Miss Having have turned around. He has come to solicit some help from her, specifically to obtain some cash, as opposed to when he was youthful and she generally solicited things from him. Curiously in spite of the fact that she solicited things from him, it was consistently in a requesting way and she must be in charge. Yet at this point seen Is Digging Nils Eternalness. seen reels Tanat can't Torture geek UT t D I Is progressively imperative to her that Pip does. Dickens guarantees that the peruser thinks about whether Miss Hafniums destiny was merited. She was without a doubt remorseless to both Pip and Estella, anyway she had driven a tragic and unfulfilled life and her life finished in a coldblooded ay. She did at long last seem to discover a companion in Pip and asks his pardoning for her abuse of him. Pip like a genuine courteous fellow does in reality pardon her before she kicks the bucket. A brain mortally hurt and infected this is maybe the most huge statement in the novel. It verbalizes the crucial multifaceted nature of her character, portraying her as a casualty who turned into a rival as a result of her abuse during youth by her dad, and during womanhood by Composers. Miss Having is introduced as a strange nearness by basically not being uncovered until late in the book. Notwithstanding, her fixation on retribution and her resemblance to a witch likewise are contributory factors, and summon pictures and discernments in the perusers head of what Miss Having is truly similar to and her appearance. Once uncovered, she is still holds a secretive nearness particularly when she is killed by being set land a witch-like approach to kick the bucket, and in her season of passing on she at last apologizes to Pip and Estella for all an inappropriate she has done to them. Reference index Dickens, C. (1860) Great Expectations. Hawse, D (2007) Charles Dickens. London: Continuum Davis, P. (1999) Charles Dickens A-Z. Checkmate Books

The Key to Successful Paperwriting

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The Canterbury Tales Clerk and Monk - 1078 Words

The Contrasting Characters: The Monk and The Clerk of Oxford The Monk and the Clerk are two characters lying in opposite extremities. What one person lacks, the other has gained in abundance. This essay will explore the major differences between the Clerk and Monk in the Canterbury Tales; its focus mainly pointed to physical descriptions, differences in personality and the underlying themes in their tales of sacrifice and betrayal. Chaucer the pilgrim is quite keen on both of these opposite characters in respect to their attitudes. The Monk is a merry man who has a portly body and not an inch of hair on his head and is explained as attractive. His love for†¦show more content†¦Every man in the Monk’s tale suffered from betrayal. The Monk’s moral tale of not to divulge secrets to your wife was shown in Sampson’s segment. Conversely, the Clerk’s tale had learned his tale from the scholar and poet named Petrarch at Padua. The outlining themes of this tale involve inner purity and it is a story of philosophical morality. Griselda has given her husband total control and Griselda regards them as one person, she acts and thinks as Walter does, giving him complete sovereignty. The themes of revenge and betrayal in the Monk’s Tale contrast with Griselda’s sacrifice and her purity. The Clerk had mentioned to the other pilgrims that Griselda was not a model for women to imitate but an example to be patient when God tries us. Griselda’s voluntary acceptance to suffer contrasts with the famous people in the Monk’s tale who died out of spite, revenge, hatred or who killed themselves to avoid suffering. In conclusion, The Monk and the Clerk lie on opposite extremes. The Monk physically is a stocky man, showing his wealth through jewellery and the finest horses and equipment. The Clerk is thin and trying to make ends meet. Personality-wise, he Monk displays curious behaviours that go against a Monk’s usual beliefs. He has broken his vow of chastity, of poverty; he has taken up hunting as a hobby and eats the finest foods. HeShow MoreRelatedChaucer s The Canterbury Tales1064 Words   |  5 PagesGeoffrey Chaucer, The Author of the Canterbury Tales, is known as the Father of English Literature and is one of the greatest English Poets of the Middle Ages. Chaucer was a soldier, a diplomat, a civil servant, and a courtier, enabling him to experience different aspects of each social ranking, which he demonstrated through his poetry. The Canterbury Tales, his most famous work, is a collection of short stories within a frame story, making for an interesting and memorable narrative about 29 pilgrimsRead MoreAnalysis Of The General Prologue To The Canterbury Tales Essays1044 Words   |  5 Pagesthe lowest order was involved in this practice. Geoffrey Chaucer, one of the most important writers in English literature, was the author of The Canterbury Tales, an elaborate poem about the religious pilgrimage of twenty nine people to Canterbury. In the General Prologue Chaucer introduces each individual along for the journey. Through The Canterbury Tales, we discover the hypocrisy and virtues Chaucer narrates in his characters and can appreciate the nuances in this superior piece of literatureRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer862 Words   |  4 PagesThe Canterbury Tales is a book made by Geoffrey Chaucer in 1478. The Canterbury tales consist of twenty-four stories; each story being spoken by a person within a specific group. The Canterbury tales begin by introducing an unbiased host who chooses to go on a pilgrimage to Canterbury, England. He wis hes to visit the Saint Thomas Becket in Canterbury Cathedral and thank the martyr for its assistance. While staying in a tavern, he comes across a large group of individuals who are also attempting toRead More The Canterbury Tales - Corruption in the Church Essay629 Words   |  3 PagesThe Canterbury Tales - Corruption in the Church Chaucer lived in a time dictated by religion and religious ideas in which he uses The Canterbury Tales to show some of his views. Religion played a significant role in fourteenth-century England and also in Chaucer’s writing. His ideas of the Church are first seen in â€Å"The Prologue,† and he uses seven religious persons to show the influence of the religion in his writing. Although many of his characters appear to portray part of the corruption inRead MoreThe Portrait of Medieval Social Classes as Presented in the General Prologue to Geoffrey Chaucer’s the Canterbury Tales4628 Words   |  19 PagesIntroduction The General Prologue fulfils two functions: it tells the story of how the tales came to be told, and it introduces the tellers. There are about thirty pilgrims travelling to Canterbury to pray to the holy blissful martyr- St. Thomas of Becket. These characters can be considered the portrait of the whole Middle English society. All the pilgrims can be divided into particular hierarchic structure of classes. The simplest division of society was into three estates: those who fight, thoseRead More The Canterbury Tales Essay972 Words   |  4 PagesThe Canterbury Tales The Canterbury Tales, a masterpiece of English Literature, written by Geoffrey Chaucer, is a collection, with frequent dramatic links, of 24 tales told to pass the time during a spring pilgrimage to the shrine of St. Thomas a Becket in Canterbury. The General Prologue introduces the pilgrims, 29 sondry folk gathered at the Tabard Inn in Southwark (outside of London). Chaucer decides to join them, taking some time to describe each pilgrim. According to the Norton AnthologyRead More Canterbury Tales Essay646 Words   |  3 Pages Corruption in the Church nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Chaucer lived in a time dictated by religion and religious ideas in which he uses The Canterbury Tales to show some of his views. Religion played a significant role in fourteenth-century England and also in Chauceramp;#8217;s writing. His ideas of the Church are first seen in amp;#8220;The Prologue,; and he uses seven religious persons to show the influence of the religion in his writing. Although many of his characters appear to portrayRead More Canterbury Tales Essay - Wife of Bath as an Attack on Married Life?1291 Words   |  6 PagesCanterbury Tales - Wife of Bath is Not an Attack on Women and Married Life Feminists have proposed that the Prologue of the Wife of Bath is merely an attack on women and married life. The Prologue is spoken by a woman with strong opinions on how married life should be conducted, but is written by a man. It is important to examine the purpose with which Chaucer wrote it. This is especially so as many of the pilgrims in The Canterbury Tales condemn themselves out of their own mouths, such asRead MoreQuestions Macbeth Essay3342 Words   |  14 PagesMacBeth Questions 1) The season that is described in the opening passage of The Canterbury Tales is spring. According to the narrator, when the season comes the people long to go on pilgrammages. 2) English people want to go down to Canterbury to seek the holy martyr, St. Thomas a Becket. 3) The narrator claims he meets some twenty nine pilgrims. 4) The Knight has fought in Alexandria, Prussia, Lithuania, Granada, North Africa, and Anatolia. 5) If the Knight beats his opponentsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Canterbury Tales1806 Words   |  8 PagesThe Canterbury Tales is a collection of twenty-four stories regarding numerous pilgrims and their pilgrimage to Canterbury written in Middle English by Geoffrey Chaucer. The subjects of these tales range from knights to the clergy to government officials. The various tales in the Work are presented in the manner of a contest at the Tabard Inn in London, in which the prize for the best story is a free meal upon their return. Chaucer’s first impressions of the Miller as a rude and sinful man continue

Pros and Cons of Free Trade - 1495 Words

Geography: Pros and Cons of Free Trade Few can contend that the world is more interconnected and interrelated more than ever. This web of interdependency is primarily made possible by trade, and in the twenty-first century, a large and significant portion of trade is conducted on a global scale. Furthermore, while the majority of people agree that free trade can benefit both parties in terms of economic development and an increase in overall production, many critics have voiced their fears of the negative consequences that may result from a global trade environment with few barriers or limits. Proponents of free trade argue that benefits far outweigh costs and that the primary gain is efficiency of production achieved through comparative†¦show more content†¦This desire to obtain greater profits by decreasing cost and increasing efficiency of production results in innovations that may include time-saving technology or better methods for manufacturing. Therefore, free trade fosters global competition for lower pri ces, cost-effective production techniques, and a greater emphasis on quality and performance. All of the above arguments support the assertion that free trade has many benefits to countries involved as well as to their citizens. It promotes economic growth to the nation as a whole while improving the quality of life for its workers. Furthermore, because the nation is becoming more prosperous, some serious social problems such as unemployment and illegal immigration may be alleviated as well. In Omhmae s The Rise of the Region State, he claims that region states welcome foreign trade and investment because it increases productivity and improve quality of life. They want their people to have access to the best and cheapest products. And they want whatever surplus accrues from these activities to ratchet up the local quality of life still further... Therefore, when weighing the positives and negatives of free trade, a country must take into account all the benefits in the daily lives of its people that will be a direct result of unrestricted trade. In almost every situation,Show MoreRelatedPros And Cons Of Free Trade Essay3046 Words   |  13 PagesPros and Cons of Free Trade I. Introduction Free trade, the ever present driving force behind our national and world economy, is a trade policy embroiled in controversy. It is considered by most economists to be an almost perfect trade policy, barring a few negative effects. Free trade has been shown to increase production, output and income levels in an economy. However, there are many people that view free trade as destroyer of economies and a catalyst of poverty. Critics of free trade have pointedRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Free Trade1286 Words   |  6 Pageswhich is a free trade agreement between the US and 11 other Pacific Rim states reached under the Obama administration. Trump stated that he did a great thing for the American worker. (Bradner) When Trump was on the presidential campaign trail, 54% of Americans answered â€Å"much more likely† or â€Å"somewhat more likely† to the question would you be more likely or less likely to vote for a candidate for President who promises to put a stop to the Tra ns-Pacific Partnership, and enact trade policies thatRead MorePros and Cons of the Free Trade Agreements706 Words   |  3 PagesWhile I was on the internet I was researching for the pros and cons of The Free Trade Agreements, and this is what I found: It seems to be a split between the democrats and the republicans. Pros Some believe that the Free trade will increase sales and profit for the US business. I still think this is up in the air. I don’t feel the economy is up, but is it better? They also said that the Free trade will create us jobs for the middle class over a long term, but I also know that there are still a lotRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Free Trade Essay1116 Words   |  5 PagesFree Trade is the ability to trade goods and services without barriers, and for prices to rise naturally through supply and demand. In theory, Free Trade was a way to break down the barriers between countries, banishing taxes and allowing prices to be naturally set through supply and demand. According to the World Trade Organization, this gives the poor countries the opportunity to specialize in the production of goods that derive from their environment and natural resources with the capacity toRead More The Pros and Cons of Free Trade Essay941 Words   |  4 PagesThe Pros and Cons of Free Trade Free trade is exchange of goods and commodities between parties without the enforcement of tariffs or duties. The trading of goods between people, communities, and nations is not an innovative economic practice. Nations are however the main element within a free trade agreement. By examining free trade through three different political ideologies: Liberal, Nationalistic, and Marxist approaches, the advantages and disadvantages will become apparent. ThesesRead MoreWhat Is The Pros And Cons Of The North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement?1847 Words   |  8 Pagesnegotiation, the North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), a trade agreement between the three north American countries: Canada, United States, and Mexico, was put into effect on January 1st 1994. NAFTA was developed to increase trade among the three north American countries while simultaneously promoting each countries’ economy growth. However, the United States faces a new government, and President Trump believes that NAFTA should be renegotiated to modernize the trade agreement instead of removingRead MorePros And Cons Of Tariffs1127 Words   |  5 Pages Pros and Cons of Tariffs Principles of Macroeconomics Columbia Southern University BBA-2401 Angelo Jones Managing the how goods and services enter or leave this country (import/export) is an important process that allows for us to control the economic status of our nation. Sometimes imposing tariffs on the goods imported balances our labor cost, resources and government supported industry. A tariff by definition is a tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of importsRead MoreDiscuss Pros and Cons for Joining the Trans-Pacific Partnership837 Words   |  3 Pages Introduction The Trans- Pacific Partnership (TPP) trade agreement was outlined on November 11th, 2011. It is currently set up between nine countries. They are: the United States of America, Australia, New Zealand, Chile, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Peru, and Brunei Darussalem. The purpose of the trade agreement is to â€Å"enhance trade and investment among the Trans- Pacific Partnership countries, promote innovation, economic growth and development, and support the creation and retention of jobsRead MoreSolution For Contemporary Economic Issues Essay1371 Words   |  6 PagesSolution for Contemporary Economic Issues The economic globalization is known as the growing scale of cross-border trade of goods and services, communication, and transportation because of Strengthening economies of a group of countries (Shangquan, 2000). Recently, many countries have encountered new types of economic problems, which is related to economic globalization. To master these problems, economists adopted two general types of economic theories. The first theory is protectionism, which isRead MoreInternational Economic Dimensions Of Nutrition Essay1216 Words   |  5 Pages Assignment Question: With a focus on food security, what are the pros and cons of free trade? Food security is defined as when all people at all times have access to safe nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life (FAO 2003). Therefore, the importance of food security is to the general welfare of the population as a public health and nutrition benefit. Free trade can be defined as a market model in which trade in goods and services between or within countries flow unhindered by

Accounting and Information Systems Technology in Business Modelling

Question: Discuss about the Accounting and Information Systems for Technology in Business Modelling. Answer: Over the last one decade, the concept of business intelligence has become popular because of its associations with different terms across different fields from data technology to business modelling. Therefore, business intelligence can be perceived as a representation of applicants and technology that aims at collecting, storing, analyzing and providing access to data that aims at improving business modelling process (Hawker, 200). Thus, BI includes attainment of the correct information for the right people at the most suitable timing. Hence, business intelligence utilizes information rather than data which includes its capability to process raw data into intelligent information. As a result, the data attained tends to be valid and accepted in the whole firm and could be consistently used for the purpose of process modeling. Looking at some of definitions developed in pertinence to business intelligence, Martin Lam (2003) argues that business intelligence is the process where huge amounts of data are collected, later they are analyzed, then presented in a higher level set of reports which tend to condense the essentiality of information in form of business action. Therefore, it becomes easier for the management team to make fundamental decisions in regards to business. Martin Lam (2003) continues to establish that business intelligence provides powerful assists for executive decision makers to enable them make action based on information at hand. Hence, Vassen (2002) regards business intelligence as a tool that enables efficiency in business operation through the provision of increased value to enterprise information, and thus the manner the information is applied. Gellinas et al (2010) argue that BI includes the effective use of data warehouse as it is also a reactive component that is able to monitor time critical operation process, and then it allows tactical as well as operational decision making where they tune their actions in a manner that suits the company. Therefore, there is the provision of in-depth analysis of details in terms of business data including the analysis practices. On the other hand, Turner Weickgenannt (2009) widens the definition of business intelligence as a technical broader tool that potentially provides knowledge management, enterprise resource planning, decisional support system and data mining. Based on the above definition business intelligence could be regarded as a set of methodology, process and technologies that tend to change raw information into meaningful and useful information to be used for the purpose of developing effective strategic operational insights that offer effective decision making (Richardson et al, 2014) . Therefore, business intelligence includes integration of data, mastering of management, texting and content analysis, lumps found in information management segments. Therefore, business intelligence tends to be linked on two segments that is the intelligent aspect and the architectural design in management. Therefore, we could base that business intelligence tends to be a special aspect in regards to companys management. As a result due the intelligence aspects firms tend to attain some form of advantages in regards to how they conduct their business. Perhaps, it would be important to at least try and discuss the advantages brought about the existence of business intelligence in an organization. To begin with the existence of business intelligence in a firm tends to provide an organization with the ability report on it enterprise effectively. Hence, this aspect of being able to report effectively tends to have a significance as it build an infrastructure where there is strategic reporting that enhances strategic management of a business rather than operational reporting (Hall, 2001). As a result, an organization gains the advantage of visualizing data and executing information systems in a more suitable manner. As a result, this aspect tends to serve an organization right because the st rategic capabilities developed that tend to boost the level of decision making in a firm. The existence of business intelligence tends to be significant for competitive advantage because of the collaboration aspect. In business collaboration is the pulling together of business tools both in the internal and external environment so that there can be achievement of a certain goal (Bodnar, 1980). Hence, business intelligence programs an organization such that the internal and external business tools work together through data sharing so that there can be achievement of one strategic goal. As a result, it could be regarded as an effective way that ensures that all organization aspects are effectively considered and reach consent. Business intelligence also enhances knowledge management of a company. By knowledge management, it means that there is a suitable program in the company that allows strategies and practices to identify, develop, present and distribute insights as well as experiences that are regarded as true business knowledge (Gelinas et al, 1999). Therefore, it could be termed that knowledge management often leads to learning management as well as regulatory compliance. Hence, it should be expected that effective knowledge management implemented by the intelligence aspect provides efficient management capability in a firm. Therefore, we could expect that with the existence of adequate management aspect firm become strategically competitive in the business world. Still, business intelligence is perceived as the process of data mining, statistical analysis, predictive modelling and business process modelling. Hence, we would expect that the information provided would be enough to tackle the arising issues in the firm. In the long run the information available would be helpful such that it would enable modelling of strategies that are effective in organizations management. Hence, the availability of effective strategy to management means that firms productivity will be high, thus it would be expected that a firm will be able to strategically gain the competitive advantage (Romney Steinbart, 2006). Lastly, think of a firm that has successfully implemented the loyalty card membership in the retail industry. It tends to go deeper than having great product and offering discounts. Therefore, it tends to be about creation of consistent positive customer experience every time. Despite the aspect of many firms possessing the business intelligence aspect, it is still hard for retail stores to identify the most profitable customers and the desired effect that tends to drive their behaviour (Richardson et al, 2014). As a result, retail stores that fail to increase loyalty and value important customers because they dont understand their customers and are unable to make them happy may not satisfy their customers fully. Therefore, through the aspect of business intelligence, it tends to provide data mining and analytical ability. Hence, without the factor of consumer analytics and data mining it is almost impossible to shape retail stores and understand how one should shape a meaningful customer experience in the retail industry. Customer analytics and data mining raised from loyalty programs tend to have a key role where it helps the retail industry to optimize and support key junctures throughout the customers journey (Hall, 2001). As a result, it will be expected that a customer receives a consistent, personalized and compelling experience. Later, it would be expected that once a customer experiences positive experience, the loyalty aspect is likely to follow. At times it is perceived with customer analytics and data mining you can: Increase your knowledge on customer habits, preferences and lifestyles in the retail industry. It also hastens understanding of social relationships between customers and their friend, through acquaintances and coverage of how these relationships influence the purchase behaviour and loyalty. It also tends to make predictions more accurate in regards to future customer buying behaviours. It also delivers anticipations on relevant offers that delight rather than the alienation of customers. This it could be perceived that customer analytics and data mining critically provide empowerment and connection to customer. Synopsis of the Queensland Health Developed as of 2003, the Queensland initiative was perceived to share service developed with the aim of saving costs. Hence, it was expected that the program will centralize, develop standard and also integrate the basic management HR responsibilities in the government. Hence, the urgent need of replacing the old payroll systems in Queensland Health authority the system by the QH was taken as the first focus in the program. This is because many large companies in QH had evolved their focus to complex development of IT infrastructure which could support complex web payment. Hence, the reports developed indicated that QH payrolls system were made of complex award structures made up of 13 awards as well as multiple industry agreements found over 200 different allowances. As a result, the indicated net results were over 24,000 different combinations rules as well as calculations for QHs 78,000 staffs. a tender research done in 2007 for the three year development efforts the new program was to be implemented as of 2010. Hence, the deployment led to deficiencies and increased seated management issues which could easily besieged the project. A 2010 auditor general report done subsequently showed a long list of the classic mistakes that were reasons for failure. Therefore, this report indicated: The replacement of the QH program systems such that it should take place the front rank of failures in regards to public administration found in the country. Therefore it may have been worse and that. Their systems may fail to perform adequately because of the terrible effects for employees of the QH plan and the equal serious financial effects of the state. Therefore, after many months of anguished activity where employees in QH could endure hardship and uncertainty, it tends to develop the payroll systems but its costly. This is because it required a close estimate of close to 1,000 employees who were to use the data on order on delivery of fortnightly pays. Thus, estimates developed require about $1.2 Billion for the coming eight years. Reasons for failure At development of its root failure it was perceived to be triggered by the laize-faire leadership approach that solicates as well as weakening governance and the management structure which could fail to see or even address the issues in the early stages of the project development. Hence, a commission reports tend to indicate that favouritism when tendering the process gave a contractor and advantage compared to the interested parties. Other contributing elements to the failure as shown include: Poor planning and lack of set out a robust tendering initiative. The existence of unclear roles also weakens the governance process. The failure to fully participation by stakeholders effectively when developing and implementing the program. The inability to clean up the complex business processes that was prior to the implementation of developed systems. Failure to set out requirements on management and alignment of the project such that it suits business needs. The existence of poor design teams that structure the integrator which was over 6 layers down the original chart. Existence of poorly managed cut-over that was brought about by poor communication and training among teams that were required to develop the programs. The existence of go-live decisions made despite the existence of high defects that count, in fact there were severity definitions that were downgraded as the project kept on-going such that it was risky despite serious problems being present. The existence of poor risk management process and no contingent plans developed in the process of the program. Therefore, in consideration of all these aspects we will classify these factors in regards to system development life cycle to determine the inefficiencies that were developed during the implementation of the program. Classification using SDLC By definition the system development life cycle is perceived as a stream of steps where projects team works with for the purpose of conceptualizing, analyzing, designing, constructing and implementing new systems (Grance et al, 2004). Hence, the adherence of system development life cycle increases efficiency, accuracy and diminishes risk of program failure. As outlined in the factors that contribute to the system failure there was no planning and there was failure to set robust tendering process at the early stages of the program (Kissel et al, 2008). Indications show that early signs of poor internal governance as well as mismanagement were visible even before QLD Health payroll project was awarded the IBM in December 2007. Therefore, for proceeding by Queensland were done for almost two years before burning throughout their budget and attempts to implements poor standards such as the SAP based HR and financing system across the government operation, the same areas of perfomance were also picked as for Queensland Health payroll project. This means that the picking up of the SAP based HR finance systems were not evaluated to try and find out it there existed some deficiencies in the system. We could also term that the planning and the requirements definition were not considered because, reports show that replacement of the QH payroll systems were to take place at the same rank of failures in the public administration. Hence, the system failed to perform as expected and brought negative results to employee of QH, and developed serious financial impacts as for the state. Therefore, months after the anguished activity during where Queensland employee suffered a lot led to the realization of why there should be implementation of a new system. Thus, we could term when development of the system was done there was no planning and the requirements for new systems were not considered. Hence, this led to the inefficiency and short comings of the system. When designing there was evidence of stunted progress in regards to implementation of the project which for two years was trying to eliminate and created impact on Queensland Health, which was originally scheduled for the purpose of receive the SAP based system as of 2006, they were also applying the decade old LATTICE payroll system during that time. Hence, inaccurate design in the systems meant that there was inefficiency in logic designs and the structure of data flow (Everett et al, 2009). Also during construction, we could perceive that the phase developers could carry out their plans that were carried out in the design phase. Hence, for developers were unable to develop the program such that coding of the data flow process and designs could serve users interface right (Langer, 2012). Thus, the concept that failed to be considered in this case testing of data pertained to the program and processing it as many times so as to ensure that there is complete refining of the code. The last classification that could be considered is failure to test the program. Reports developed show that poorly managed cut-over that was brought about by poor communication and training among teams that were required to develop the programs werent tested. The existence of go-live decisions made despite the existence of high defects that count, in fact there were severity definitions that were downgraded as the project kept on-going such that it was risky despite serious problems being present were also not considered (Everett et al, 2009). The existence of poor risk management process and no contingency plans developed in the process of the program was also an indication that testing wasnt done in the system. Hence, the aspect of failing to test program is regarded as an escalating reason as to why the program failed. Recommendations Based on the above discussion via system development life cycle it becomes evident that the program became a failure because of inadequate planning, poor analysis done on the program, the designs developed were also not effective, construction and testing of the initiative was also not done. Hence, the failure of consideration of such factors means that the results that should have been attained in this case would be low and inefficient as seen (Horne et al, 2009). Therefore, it would be vital if I could provide recommendations on how the deficiencies experienced in the system could be manage to overcome future implementation. Hence, they include: Understanding complexity-according to Gartner research development of programs are always hard, therefore when developing a program bare the aspect of it being hard. Hence, the simple kiss rule of keeping it simply stupid cant be applicable when it comes to the public sector programs. Since, in the payroll system the myriad awards and the labour market laws were to make implementation a complex affair to the project managers should disregard this at their palm (Martin Lam, 2003). Hence, if this isnt considered it will be expected that several challenges will emerge. Therefore, it is often recommended that there be a strong sponsor who has a political clout so that the factors can be simplified and ease the ability to do task in a more effective and efficient way. Taking time is also a significant aspect (Vassen, 2002). It is recommended when developing a software or program such as that of Queensland one shouldnt wait until the systems are pack so as to start scrambling for a replacement. According to IBRS research analysts Sue Johnson, she argues that failure to take time was the first step behind Queensland project failure. Observations done show that people knew the old systems had indication of an expiry date and they had to ignore until things got critical. As a result, we could draw recommendations that certain amount of time should be taken for the purpose of evaluating business rules and procedures and identify if there is a time to do it in the easier way. Putting a person in-chargeand has full capacity of what they are doing tends to be a vital step. Similar to a proverbial fish whose projects rots from the head till down, putting someone effective tends to lessen the opportunity of horrible things from happening. Indications shown from the fall of Queensland Health Payroll System is that there was appointment of unqualified project managers. Therefore, it is recommended that they should employee managers with proficient skills for the purpose of recognizing serious emerging issues and resolving issues as soon as they emerge. Finding the appropriate partner is also a unique way of handling the issue that emerge from projects (Romney Steinbart, 2006). It is often recommended you test the waters before you consider tying the knot. Thus, it tends to be vital pilot projects before full streaming; this could have assisted Queensland Health project team to identify the problems earlier. It tends to be advisable to engage in good investment such as $300,000 as an upfront but in most cases the government fails to loathe this instead they consider it as money wasted. Lastly, sharing bad new early is also a vital factor. When one has bad new it is important to table it as soon as possible (Turner Weickgenannt, 2009). This is because sitting on them doesnt take the problems away, as Queensland Health project could have attested. Hence, program officials should always alert their sponsors and execute management team risk earlier to avoid an instance where surprise hits the door and inevitability rises. Hence, it is important to at least try and discuss a projected that has doomed outcome for the purpose of acting appropriately. Since the failed health payroll system has experienced some warnings at taxpayer expense, it would have been important if the problems had been tabled as soon as they were visible. In conclusion, we could term that the problems experienced in Queensland came as a result of poor project management, poor designs developed and inadequate construction of the models that suit the program. Therefore, this paper provides key recommendations on how such problems could have been avoided at first instance. Hence, the recommendations provided are sufficient and could be considered in development of other programs. References Hawker, A. (2000).Security and control in information systems: A guide for business and accounting. London: Routledge. Martin, M. P., Lam, M. S. (2003).Accounting information systems cases. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall. Gelinas, U. J., Sutton, S. G., Hunton, J. E. (2004).Accounting information systems. Princeton,N.J: Recording for the Blind Dyslexic. Turner, L., Weickgenannt, A. (2009).Accounting information systems: Controls and the processes. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. Vaassen, E. H. J. (2002).Accounting information systems: A managerial approach. Chichester: Wiley. Richardson, V. J., Chang, C. J., Smith, R. (2014).Accounting information systems. Hall, J. A. (2001).Accounting information systems. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western College Pub. Bodnar, G. H. (1980).Accounting information systems. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Gelinas, U. J., Sutton, S. G., Oram, A. E. (1999).Accounting information systems. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western College Pub. Romney, M. B., Steinbart, P. J. (2006).Accounting information systems. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall. Kissel, R., National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.). (2008).Security considerations in the system development life cycle. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology. Grance, T., Hash, J., Stevens, M., National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.). (2004).Security considerations in the information system development life cycle. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology. Grance, T., Hash, J., Stevens, M., Information Technology Laboratory (National Institute of Standards and Technology)., National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.). (2004).Security considerations in the information system development life cycle: Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, Md: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology. Everett, G. D., McLeod, R., Wiley InterScience (Online service). (2007).Software testing: Testing across the entire software development life cycle. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press. Horne, R., Grant, T., Verghese, K. (2009).Life cycle assessment: Principles, practice, and prospects. Collingwood, Vic: CSIRO Pub. Langer, A. M. (2012).Guide to software development: Designing and managing the life cycle.London: Springer.

Aztec, human sacrifice free essay sample

When you think of the Aztec, what comes to mind? Perhaps you think of the Spanish conquistadors or their beautiful capital at Tenochtitlan. What comes to mind for a lot of people is their practice of human sacrifice. In class, we learned a lot about the civilizations of the Maya and the Inca but not much about the Maya. Chapter 13 of the assigned readings talks about the Aztec and how they came to power and their collapse. One paragraph in the chapter, although morbid and disturbing, caught my attention. â€Å"The victim was stretched out over the sacrificial stone. In seconds, a priest with an obsidian knife broke open his chest and ripped out his still beating heart, dashing it against the sacrificial stone. † These sentences refer to the ritual of human sacrificed practiced by the Aztec priests. Body The Aztec believed that they owed everything to the gods who created themselves as well as the world around them. We will write a custom essay sample on Aztec, human sacrifice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The would perform sacrifices in order for a good crop yield or good weather among other things. They believed that the best way to repay them was to offer up blood to them in regular rituals. Although many just assume this was human blood, they also sacrificed animals as well. Some offerings weren’t outright killings as well. They would have been cutting oneself and offering the blood shed to the gods. Archaeologists estimate that a few thousand people would have been sacrificed each year. Some were members of the Aztec community but they believe that most were prisoners of war. Instead of killing their enemies in battle, they would sometimes capture them and take them back to the capital to be offered up to the gods. In one ritual, the prisoners were forced to walk up the many stairs of the temple. Once they reached the top, the priest would cut open their stomach from throat to stomach. They would rip out their heart to offer it to the gods. The bodies were then pushed down the stairs. At the bottom, the body would be dismembered or carried off depending on the ritual. Its hard to believe this sort of activity happened regularly, especially as a public event where people would gather in the square to watch. Human sacrifice was not only an Aztec event. It happened all over the world in several different cultures. It was a part of their religion and a way to please the gods so the Aztecs would avoid disaster. No amount of human sacrifice could have stopped their collapse at the hands of the Spaniards. Human sacrifice was practiced to some extent by many peoples in Mesoamerica (and for that matter, around the world) for many centuries. But it was the Aztec empire that really took the ritual to new heights. How many people were sacrificed by the Aztecs? We dont know how many were sacrificed over the years its possible that some accounts are exaggerated but it was probably thousands each year tens of thousands or more all together. Some estimates claim 20,000 a year. The Aztecs had 18 months in one cycle, and for each of the 18 months there was ritual sacrifice. The victim would be painted as a part of the ritual, they would be placed on a slab where their heart would be removed and held up to the sun. The body would be thrown down the stairs of the temple/pyramid. The body would be disposed of in various ways, such as feeding animals at the zoo or putting on display (the heads). There are some accounts of cannibalism, but its uncertain if this was practiced to any great extent. â€Å" Life is because of the gods; with their sacrifice they gave us life. They produce our sustenance which nourishes life. † What the Aztec priests were referring to was a central Mesoamerican belief: that a great, on-going sacrifice sustains the Universe. Everything is tonacayotl: the spiritual flesh-hood on earth. Everything —earth, crops, moon, stars and people— springs from the severed or buried bodies, fingers, blood or the heads of the sacrificed gods. Humanity itself is macehualli, those deserved and brought back to life through penance. A strong sense of indebtedness was connected with this worldview. Indeed, nextlahualli (debt-payment) was a commonly used metaphor for human sacrifice, and, as Bernardino de Sahagun reported, it was said that the victim was someone who gave his service. Human sacrifice was in this sense the highest level of an entire panoply of offerings through which the Aztecs sought to repay their debt to the gods. Both Sahagun and Toribio de Benavente (also called Motolinia) observed that the Aztecs gladly parted with everything: burying, smashing, sinking, slaying vast quantities of quail, rabbits, dogs, feathers, flowers, insects, beans, grains, paper, rubber and treasures as sacrifices. Even the stage for human sacrifice, the massive temple-pyramids, was an offering mound: crammed with treasures, grains, soil and human and animal sacrifices that were buried as gifts to the deities. Adorned with the lands finest art, treasure and victims, these temples had become buried offerings under new structures every half a century. The sacrifice of animals was a common practice for which the Aztecs bred dogs, eagles, jaguars and deer. Objects also were sacrificed by being broken and offered to the gods. The cult of Quetzalcoatl required the sacrifice of butterflies and hummingbirds. Self-sacrifice was also quite common; people would offer maguey thorns, tainted with their own blood and, like the Maya kings, would offer blood from their tongue, ear lobes, or genitals. Blood held a central place in Mesoamerican cultures. The Florentine Codex reports that in one of the creation myths Quetzalcoatl offered blood extracted from a wound in his own genital to give life to humanity. There are several other myths in which Nahua gods offer their blood to help humanity. Common people would offer maguey thorns with their blood. Much like the role of sacrifice elsewhere in the world, it thus seems that these rites functioned as a type of atonement for Aztec believers. Their sacrificial hymns describe the victim as sent (to death) to plead for us, or consecrated to annul all sin. [14] In one such poem, a warrior-victim announces that I embrace mankind I give myself to the community. Aztec society viewed even the slightest tlatlacolli (sin or insult) as an extremely malevolent supernatural force. For instance, if an adulterer were to enter a house, it was believed that all turkey chicks would perish from tlazomiquiztli (filth-death). To avoid such calamities befalling their community, those who had erred punished themselves by extreme measures such as slitting their tongues for vices of speech or their ears for vices of listening, and for a slight [sin they] hanged themselves, or threw themselves down precipices, or put an end to themselves by abstinence. A great deal of cosmological thought seems to have underlain each of the Aztec sacrificial rites. The most common form of human sacrifice was heart-extraction. The Aztec believed that the heart (tona) was both the seat of the individual and a fragment of the Suns heat (istli). To this day, the Nahua consider the Sun to be a heart-soul (tona-tiuh): round, hot, pulsating. In the Aztec view, humanitys divine sun fragments were considered entrapped by the body and its desires: Where is your heart? You give your heart to each thing in turn. Carrying, you do not carry it You destroy your heart on earth —Nahua poem Tezcatlipoca, Huitzilopochtli, Tlacahuepan, Cuexcotzin Sacrifice of captives by extraction of the heart Tlaloc, Quetzalcoatl Sacrifice by drowning and extraction of the heart Huixtocihuatl, Xochipilli Sacrifice by extraction of the heart Xilonen, Quilaztli-Cihacoatl, Ehecatl, Chicomelcoatl Sacrifice of a decapitated woman and extraction of her heart Huitzilopochtli, Tezcatlipoca, Mictlantecuhtli Sacrifice by starvation in a cave or temple Xiuhtecuhtli, Ixcozauhqui, Otontecuhtli, Chiconquiahitl, Cuahtlaxayauh, Coyolintahuatl, Chalmecacihuatl Sacrifices to the fire gods by burning the victims Toci, Teteoinan, Chimelcoatl-Chalchiuhcihuatl, Atlatonin, Atlauhaco, Chiconquiauitl, Cinteotl Sacrifice of a decapitated young woman to Toci, she was skinned and a young man wore her skin; sacrifice of captives by hurling from a height and extraction of the heart Xochiquetzal Sacrifices by fire; extraction of the heart Tlaloc-Napatecuhtli, Matlalcueye, Xochitecatl, Mayahuel, Milnahuatl, Napatecuhtli, Chicomecoatl, Xochiquetzal Sacrifices of children, two noble women, extraction of the heart and flaying; ritual cannibalism Mixcoatl-Tlamatzincatl, Coatlicue, Izquitecatl, Yoztlamiyahual, Huitznahuas Sacrifice by bludgeoning, decapitation and extraction of the heart Huitzilopochtli Massive sacrifices of captives and slaves by extraction of the heart Tlaloques Sacrifices of children, and slaves by decapitation Tona-Cozcamiauh, Ilamatecuhtli, Yacatecuhtli, Huitzilncuatec Sacrifice of a woman by extraction of the heart and decapitated afterwards Ixozauhqui-Xiuhtecuhtli, Cihuatontli, Nancotlaceuhqui Sacrifices of victims representing Xiuhtecuhtli and their women (each four years), and captives. Hour: night, New Fire The sacrifice would then be laid on a stone slab by four priests, and his/her abdomen would be sliced open by a fifth priest with a ceremonial knife made of flint. The cut was made in the abdomen and went through the diaphragm. The priest would grab the heart and tear it out, still beating. It would be placed in a bowl held by a statue of the honored god, and the body thrown down the temples stairs. The body would land on a terrace at the base of the pyramid called an apetlatl Conclusion In this research project I learned that they have high religious significance to the Aztec sacrifice. And I learned that the incredible loss of human life because of the sacrifices would weaken an otherwise powerful nation.